"and might reconcile them both in one body to God through the cross, by it having put to death the enmity. And He came and preached peace to you who were far away, and peace to those who were near; " - Ephesians 2:16-17 (NASB)
In Ephesians 2:16-17, Paul speaks about the reconciliation and unity brought about by Christ’s sacrifice. The term “reconciliation” has the idea of transferring one from a previous state to a new one (cf. Rom. 5:10-11; Col. 1:20,22; 2 Cor. 5:18,21), emphasizing the restoration of intimate fellowship between God and humankind. This reconciliation extends to a new relationship with others and nature (Isa. 11:6-9; 65:25; Rom. 8:18-23; Rev. 22:3)., symbolizing the removal of the curse from Genesis 3. This is an example about how Jesus brings together Jews and Gentiles, showing God’s inclusive love and unity amid diversity. This inspires believers to seek unity and understanding across cultural, societal, and personal differences, fostering togetherness and respect.
The expression “in one body” symbolizes the unity within the body of Christ (i.e the Church), incorporating both Jewish and Gentile believers, alongside the diverse array of spiritual gifts. This unity is an outcome of Christ’s redemptive sacrifice on the cross, emphasized as the mechanism for redemption and triumph over hostility between various groups.
The phrase “through the cross” underscores the great significance of Christ’s crucifixion, demonstrating how what was meant as a curse by Jewish leaders became a powerful tool of redemption. This transformation allowed Jesus to become “the curse” for believers (cf. Gal. 3:13), ultimately granting them victory over the Old Testament curse, evil powers, and the enmity between Jew and Gentile. It serves as a powerful reminder of God’s ability to turn adversity into triumph, as evidenced in other places in the Bible.
Furthermore, the allusion made to Old Testament texts and the inclusion of Gentiles through typological exegesis and the interpretation used by the rabbis, emphasizes the expansive nature of Christ’s reconciling work, reaching beyond traditional boundaries and unifying all in Christ.
Verse 17 alludes to passages in Isaiah 57:19 or 52:7 where the prophet praises those who bring good news and peace. The Greek version of Isaiah uses the same word for “proclaiming good news” as in this passage. Although in Christianity it can mean “proclaiming the gospel of Christ,” here it simply means “bringing good news.” The message of peace is in both Isaiah texts, while the terms “near” and “far” are only in Isa 57:19. Paul links this message of peace not only to the people of Israel, whether in the land or in exile, but also to Jews (“the near”) and Gentiles (“the far”). This aligns with the belief that Gentiles would also receive God’s salvation (Isa 49:6; 56:6–8). Later in the letter, Paul refers to this message as “the gospel of peace,” which all believers are encouraged to share (Eph 6:15). You will notice that Paul consistently interpreted Old Testament texts figuratively, extending their application from the historical context of Jews in exile to include Gentiles within the broader narrative of salvation history (cf. Romans 9:24-26 and 10:20-21). Historical evidence suggests that even the rabbis, going back to Isa. 56:6, used this phrase to refer to Gentile proselytes.
In summary, Paul shows how Christ’s work on the cross reconciled both Jews and Gentiles and restored their relationship with God. He highlights the impact of Christ’s redemptive work, emphasizing that through Him, individuals were reconciled with each other and brought back into favor with God. Paul’s mention of the “cross” highlights how Christ’s death removes enmity and abolishes laws that created barriers. It also emphasizes the unifying effect of Christ’s sacrifice, bringing people together as one, united in faith and forgiveness. Overall, Paul’s message is that through Christ, forgiveness of sins and communion with God are possible for all, regardless of their background or heritage.
RECONCILIATION’S PRICE
In Christ’s death, a purpose lies,
To bridge the gap ‘twixt earth and skies.
He paid the price to set things right,
His sacrifice brought peace to light.
Jews and Gentiles, all are called,
By apostles’ words, both near and far,
To receive the message of peace,
And from enmity find release.
Through Christ, believers find their way,
To the Father’s heart, day by day.
Accessing love, care, and grace,
Through Jesus’ mediation, we find our place.
The Holy Spirit’s guiding hand,
Leads us to the Father’s land,
Stirring up holy desires within,
Helping us grow, and freedom to win.
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